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Adolescent Friendly Health Services (AFHS)

Adolescent Friendly Health Services (AFHS)


According to the 2011 Census, India is the world's second-most populous country with a total population of over 1.21 billion.

The teenagers of the 10-19 years of age constitute more than one-third of the total population, and the number of teens is projected at roughly 243 million. They represent a resource for the future whose potential needs to be nurtured in a positive manner. The teenagers are known as stable as a group, but they have a number of diseases that cause a lot of morbidity and mortality.

Notwithstanding specific health challenges, it is important to recognize that the existing health programs do not resolve teens ' specific problems.

editCopy.In fact, providing services in a non-threatening atmosphere in a friendly manner is a task for the health sector to respond appropriately to patient needs.

In this blog, an attempt was made to address the health needs of teenagers, the state of current adolescent-friendly health services and how they can be made available to youth so that they can be accessed properly.

Health Needs of Adolescents:-

(i) Nutritional Needs:- 





The results in the National Family Health Survey (NFHS 3) suggest that a high percentage of adolescent girls and children had undernourished themselves to become more vulnerable to diseases (56% of women and 25% of males are anaemia).  Anaemia influences physical growth, cognitive development and college and later years ' results. Anaemic women are more likely to contribute to malnourished children, with substantial maternal and child-related morbidity and mortality. Suitable diet and healthy foods are the foundation of good health in adulthood and regular fitness at this age.

(ii) Reproductive and Sexual Health Needs:-




A variety of reproductive or sexual health issues are experienced by teenagers. they are hesitant to look for information from credible sources as such issues in our culture was deemed taboo There is always a possibility of their practising risky behaviour, thereby acquiring HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. About 50% of new HIV infections emerge in the 15–24 age group, according to the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO 2005). The adolescent girls were suffering from a variety of menstrual theories. A significant number of adolescent girls, often married men, are pregnant and give birth to children below the eighteen-year legal marriage limit. Twelve per cent of married young women aged 15–19 have become parents, and 4 per cent of women aged 15–19 are now pregnant with their first child, according to NFHS 3. It indicates one in six females in the age group. 15–19 years of infancy. This early pregnancy syndrome adversely affects the wellbeing of both mothers and children and is a cause of death and morbidity between them. It is a well-established fact that sexual harassment is being perpetrated in public spaces, education institutions, in communities as well as at home. Child abuse, stalking and bullying are also widespread among children.

(iii) Mental Health Concerns: 




At least 20 per cent of young people is reported to suffer a form of mental illness such as anxiety, mood changes, substance abuse, suicidal behaviour, eating disorders, hostility, terrorism. Suicide is the second leading cause of death between 15–19 years of age, led by family and community crime. Nonetheless, appropriate and compassionate care is needed as one of the key steps for teenage victims of violence.

(iv) Substance Abuse: 



The estimated number of drug addicts in India is about 3 million, and the bulk of them are in the 16-35 age group (UNODC, 2003). Alcohol use is growing a problem among young people. Until ages 15, about 11 per cent and about 26 per cent between ages 16 and 20 were initiated into marijuana (UNODC and Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment 2004). (UNODC 2004).Findings from NFHS 3 reveal that 3.5% of females and 28.6% of people are consuming a kind of cigarettes in the age group from 15 to 19 years. Furthermore, 1% of females and 11% of people in this age group used tobacco. In fact, about once a week, only 6.8% were girls and 18.3% were people smoking.

(v) Accidental Injuries:-
The leading cause of death or injury of teenagers is accidental injuries, including road traffic accidents, falls, or burns. Adolescent injury rates are the highest. Public education for young people on how to stop accidental injuries when riding and using highways may reduce injuries. Adolescent-friendly health services have been built to meet the above needs. These adolescent-friendly health services have been designed specifically to attract them, meet their needs conveniently and retain them for continuing care.. adolescents are not ahomogeneous group. Their condition differs in age, gender, marital status, race, country, and cultural context, needing versatile and sensitive approaches to their needs.





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