How does Alcohol Work?
When you consume an alcoholic beverage, the alcohol (ethanol) makes its way to your stomach where around 20-25% of it gets absorbed into your bloodstream immediately.
The rest of it continues to your small intestine where it is absorbed by the bloodstream. Once it’s in your bloodstream, the alcohol slowly heads toward to your liver where it is metabolized (broken down).
As the all-powerful Wikipedia tells us, “Alcohol is metabolized by a normal liver at the rate of about one ounce (one shot, a normal beer, a regular-sized glass of wine) every 90 minutes.” Many different factors affect this rate – like low body fat percentage (lower the body fat, lower the blood alcohol level) and gender (women typically process alcohol slower than men).
Any amount consumed over that doesn’t get processed immediately, and instead saturates your blood until your liver can process the excess alcohol.
Think of it as a trip to the DMV or Post Office. There are 47 of you in line, but only two sloths working the counter, which means you’re going to be waiting for hours until you can finally get outta there.
Because alcohol is a central nervous system depressant, the first drink or two can help loosen you up or relax. As the amount of alcohol in your blood increases, the effects become more and more pronounced.
We call this “drunk.”
What does alcohol cause?
- Alcohol stimulates insulin production when consumed
- Alcohol impairs your body’s hormone regulation
- It can wreak havoc on your sleep patterns
- Alcohol is pretty much void of any nutrients
- The real issue found with drinking is the lack of rational decision making after too many beverages
Bad Or Good
It's hard to know what to think about the recommendations for alcohol consumption when the narrative around it changes like the wind.
Numerous studies have come out in support of moderate alcohol consumption because of its potential health benefits only to be countered by similar studies arguing that it's actually more harmful than beneficial.
And it's not just conflicting research that makes decisions about alcohol difficult; other related factors, such as your age, gender, and overall health, can further complicate the issue.
So is it OK to have a glass or two of red wine with dinner? Or to enjoy a few beers at the ballgame?
Here, Pablo Quintana, MD, an internal medicine specialist at Rush University Medical Center, explains how alcohol affects your body — both positively and negatively — why all alcohol isn't created equal, and how to make the right choices for your personal health.
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